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154 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
154 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
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---
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title: GNOME Desktop Environment
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description:
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published: true
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date: 2024-10-01T11:10:56.171Z
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tags: gnome
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editor: markdown
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dateCreated: 2024-10-01T10:43:58.594Z
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---
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# What is GNOME?
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> GNOME (/(ɡ)noʊm/) is a desktop environment that aims to be simple and easy to use. It is designed by The GNOME Project and is composed entirely of free and open-source software.
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### Screenshot of Gnome in Parch Linux
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## Moving from another Desktop to Gnome
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For installing Gnome on Parch Linux you need to install our meta package.
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```bash
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sudo pacman -S parch-gnome-meta
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```
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this would install a minimal gnome session with parch customization on Parch Linux.
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### enabling the display manager
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if you are moving from KDE or other desktops (by default parch uses sddm in all editions except Gnome) you need to disable your old login manager and then enable GDM .
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```bash
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# disabling old login manager (sddm)
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sudo systemctl disable sddm
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#enabling GDM
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sudo systemctl enable gdm
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```
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## Tips and Tricks
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### Enabling numlock on GNOME startup
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You need to run this command in terminal for enabling this behavior:
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```bash
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gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.keyboard numlock-state true
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```
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To remember the last state:
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```bash
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gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.peripherals.keyboard remember-numlock-state true
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```
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### Redirect certain URLs to specific web browsers
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This shows how to use Chromium for certain types of URLs while maintaining Firefox as default browser for all other tasks.
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Make sure pcre is installed, to use pcregrep.
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Setup custom xdg-open:
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```
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/usr/local/bin/xdg-open
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```
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```
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#!/bin/bash
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DOMAIN_LIST_FILE=~/'domains.txt'
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OTHER_BROWSER='/usr/bin/chromium-browser'
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BROWSER_OPTIONS='' # Optional, for command line options passed to browser
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XDG_OPEN='/usr/bin/xdg-open'
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DEFAULT_BROWSER='/usr/bin/firefox'
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if echo "$1" | pcregrep -q '^https?://'; then
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matching=0
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while read domain; do
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if echo "$1" | pcregrep -q "^https?://${domain}"; then
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matching=1
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break
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fi
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done < "$DOMAIN_LIST_FILE"
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if [[ $matching -eq 1 ]]; then
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"$OTHER_BROWSER" $BROWSER_OPTIONS ${*}
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exit 0
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fi
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"$DEFAULT_BROWSER" ${*}
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exit 0
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else
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"$XDG_OPEN" ${*}
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fi
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```
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Configure domains for redirect to Chromium:
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```
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$HOME/domains.txt
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```
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```
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stackexchange.com
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stackoverflow.com
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superuser.com
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www.youtube.com
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github.com
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```
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Setup xdg-open web as desktop application:
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```
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$HOME/.local/share/applications/xdg-open-web.desktop
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```
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```
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[Desktop Entry]
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Version=1.0
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Name=xdg-open web
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GenericName=Web Browser
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Exec=xdg-open %u
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Terminal=false
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Type=Application
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MimeType=text/html;text/xml;application/xhtml+xml;application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml;text/mml;x-scheme-handler/http;x-scheme-handler/https;
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StartupNotify=true
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Categories=Network;WebBrowser;
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Keywords=web;browser;internet;
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Actions=new-window;new-private-window;
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```
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```
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$ update-desktop-database $HOME/.local/share/applications/
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```
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Set xdg-open web as default Web application in GNOME settings: Go to GNOME Settings > Details > Default Applications and set Web to xdg-open web
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### Custom GNOME sessions
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It is possible to create custom GNOME sessions which use the GNOME session manager but start different sets of components (Openbox with tint2 instead of GNOME Shell for example).
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Two files are required for a custom GNOME session: a session file in ```/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/``` which defines the components to be started and a desktop entry in `/usr/share/xsessions` which is read by the display manager. An example session file is provided below:
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```
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/usr/share/gnome-session/sessions/gnome-openbox.session
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```
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```
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[GNOME Session]
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Name=GNOME Openbox
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RequiredComponents=openbox;tint2;gnome-settings-daemon;
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```
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And an example desktop file:
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```
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/usr/share/xsessions/gnome-openbox.desktop
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```
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```
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[Desktop Entry]
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Name=GNOME Openbox
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Exec=gnome-session --session=gnome-openbox
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```
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