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| title | description | published | date | tags | editor | dateCreated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package Management | true | 2024-05-05T15:19:05.888Z | markdown | 2024-05-05T14:49:35.443Z |
Package Management in Parch Linux
Package Manager
The package manager in Parch Linux is called pacman.
Acording to The ArchLinux wiki:
The pacman package manager is one of the major distinguishing features of Arch Linux. It combines a simple binary package format with an easy-to-use build system. The goal of pacman is to make it possible to easily manage packages, whether they are from the official repositories or the user's own builds. Pacman keeps the system up-to-date by synchronizing package lists with the master server. This server/client model also allows the user to download/install packages with a simple command, complete with all required dependencies. Pacman is written in the C programming language and uses the bsdtar(1) tar format for packaging.
How does pacman works?
Here is a small cheatsheet that helps you to use pacman:
Basic operations
| Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Search for package(s) | pacman -Ss |
dnf search |
apt search |
zypper search or zypper se [-s] |
emerge --search (-s) or emerge --searchdesc (-S) |
| Install package(s) by name | pacman -S |
dnf install |
apt install |
zypper install or zypper in |
emerge |
| Get source package(s) and build dependencies | makepkg -s PKGBUILD |
dnf builddep |
apt build-dep |
zypper source-install (zypper si) or zypper install -d |
emerge, or explicitly emerge --with-bdeps |
| Print targets without performing the operation | pacman --print (or -p) |
dnf --setopt=tsflags=test |
apt --simulate (or -s, --dry-run, --just-print) |
zypper --dry-run |
emerge --pretend (-p) |
| Toggle confirmations | pacman --confirm or pacman --noconfirm |
dnf --assumeyes (-y) or dnf --assumeno |
apt --yes (-y) |
zypper --non-interactive (-n) or zypper --no-confirm (-y) |
emerge --ask (-a) |
| Refresh local package repository | pacman -Sy |
dnf check-update or dnf makecache or dnf upgrade |
apt update |
zypper refresh or zypper ref [-s] |
emerge --sync |
| Upgrade Packages | pacman -Syu |
dnf upgrade |
apt upgrade |
zypper update or zypper up |
emerge -[a]uDN @world |
| Upgrade Packages (complex updates) | pacman -Syu |
dnf distro-sync |
apt dist-upgrade |
zypper dup |
emerge -[a]uDN @world |
| Remove a package(s) and dependencies | pacman -Rs |
dnf remove |
apt autoremove |
zypper remove or zypper rm |
emerge --depclean (-c) |
| Remove package(s) and configuration files | pacman -Rn |
? | apt purge |
? | n/a |
| Remove package(s), dependencies, and config files | pacman -Rns |
? | apt autoremove --purge |
? | n/a |
| Remove unneeded dependencies | `pacman -Qdtq | pacman -Rs - `` (-Qdttq` for optional deps) |
dnf autoremove |
apt autoremove |
zypper rm -u or zypper packages --unneeded |
| Remove packages not in repositories | pacman -Rs $(pacman -Qmq) |
dnf repoquery --extras |
aptitude purge '~o' |
? | |
| Mark installed package as explicitly required | pacman -D --asexplicit |
dnf mark install |
apt-mark manual |
zypper install --force |
emerge --select (-w) |
| Install package(s) as dependency | pacman -S --asdeps |
dnf install then dnf mark remove |
apt-mark auto |
n/a (workaround) | emerge --oneshot (-1) |
| Only download package(s) | pacman -Sw |
dnf download |
apt install --download-only or apt download |
zypper --download-only |
emerge --fetchonly (-f) |
| Clean up local caches | pacman -Sc or pacman -Scc |
dnf clean all |
apt autoclean or apt clean |
zypper clean |
eclean distfiles |
| Start a shell | dnf shell |
zypper shell |
Querying specific packages
| Action | Arch | Red Hat/Fedora | Debian/Ubuntu | SLES/openSUSE | Gentoo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Show package information | pacman -Si or pacman -Qi |
dnf list or dnf info |
apt show or apt-cache policy |
zypper info or zypper if |
emerge -S, emerge -pv or eix |
| Display local package info | pacman -Qi |
rpm -qi / dnf info installed |
dpkg -s or aptitude show |
zypper --no-remote info or rpm -qi |
emerge -pv or emerge -S |
| Display remote package info | pacman -Si |
dnf info |
apt-cache show or aptitude show |
zypper info |
emerge -pv and emerge -S or equery meta |
| Display local package files | pacman -Ql |
rpm -ql |
dpkg -L |
rpm -ql |
equery files or qlist |
| Display remote package files | pacman -Fl |
dnf repoquery -l or repoquery -l |
apt-file list |
pfl |
|
| Query package providing file | pacman -Qo |
rpm -qf (installed) or dnf provides (everything) or repoquery -f |
dpkg -S or dlocate |
rpm -qf (installed) or zypper search -f (everything) |
equery belongs or qfile |
| List files in package | pacman -Ql or pacman -Fl |
dnf repoquery -l |
dpkg-query -L |
rpm -ql |
equery files or qlist |
| Show reverse provides | pacman -F |
dnf provides |
apt-file search |
zypper what-provides or zypper wp (exact) |
or zypper se --provides (fuzzy) | equery belongs (installed) or pfl |
| Search package by file | pacman -F | dnf provides | apt-file search or auto-apt | zypper search -f | equery belongs or qfile |
| Show package changelog | pacman -Qc | dnf changelog | apt-get changelog | rpm -q --changelog | equery changes -f |
AUR
The Arch User Repository (AUR) is a community-driven repository for Arch users. It contains package descriptions (PKGBUILDs) that allow you to compile a package from source with makepkg and then install it via pacman. The AUR was created to organize and share new packages from the community and to help expedite popular packages' inclusion into the extra repository. A good number of new packages that enter the official repositories start in the AUR. In the AUR, users are able to contribute their own package builds (PKGBUILD and related files). The AUR community has the ability to vote for packages in the AUR. If a package becomes popular enough — provided it has a compatible license and good packaging technique — it may be entered into the extra repository (directly accessible by pacman or from the Arch build system).
AUR Manager
Parch Linux has Paru as is AUR Manager. using Paru is just like using pacman, with the same syntax you can easly install packages from AUR.
Using Paru
Here are some useful paru commands:
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
paru |
Update the entire system |
paru -Syu |
Update the entire system |
paru -S appname |
Install the program from AUR |
paru appname |
Install the program from AUR, choosing from the list |
paru -Sc |
Remove Pacman and Paru caches |
paru -Ss appname |
Search for a package |